Rejuvenation and Restoration of Surface Water Quality Amid COVID-19 Lockdown: A Comprehensive Review in Indian Context

Rivers are our country's lifeline;however, we have done enough destruction to them which leads to deterioration in water quality. Fortunately, COVID-19 lockdown has brought new life to nature. This encouraged us to outline present review article which discusses pilot impacts of lockdown on six Indian rivers. Few rivers including Ganga showed major improvement at few sites in the assessed parameters such as pH, BOD, DO, FC, etc. The Ganga water at Haridwar and Rishikesh was investigated `fit for drinking' (Class A) while at Kanpur was found fit for `outdoor bathing' (Class B). These improvements can be attributed to strict restriction on human activities during lockdown as there were no or minimum industrial discharge, tourism activities, mass bathing and commercial events near rivers. However, after upliftment of lockdown, these activities will return to their previous state and most likely pollutants will eventually reappear in the water bodies. So, in this review we have reviewed government's existing water pollution control schemes, analysed their limitations and recommended several scopes for improvement. Further research directions in this area have also been highlighted. We believe that plans and actions described in the article, if implemented, will lead to fruitful outcomes in managing water resources.

Anticipating a Post COVID-19 World and the Pivotal Role of Science and Technology

Currently, the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has transformed into a severe public health crisis and wreaking havoc worldwide. The ongoing pandemic has exposed the public healthcare system's weaknesses, and highlighted the urgent need for investments in scientific programs and policies. A com-prehensive program utilizing the science and technology-driven strategies combined with well-resourced healthcare organizations appears to be essential for current and future outbreak management.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.

Forensic Examination Of Covid Certificates And Passports To Extract Felonious Manipulations With Adobe Photoshop Cs5 Tools

In today's era, digital documents are used in official proceedings and various commercial online platforms. With the advent of Digital locker facilities, a digital document is admissible in various Government and private sectors. Due to this, the misuse of digital documents is increasing and criminal activity has surged during COVID times. Digital documents can be easily manipulated with the help of image-processing software applications. Manipulations include forgeries and duplication in the documents, counterfeiting in currency notes, and alteration and tampering in government documents or personal documents have increased manifolds. In the present study, a preliminary attempt has been made to analysed digitally manipulated documents by using different software which includes JPEG snoop, Adobe Photoshop CS5, and forensically beta software. Apart from that, in this paper new methodology to authenticate manipulations in scanned documents is devised. The authors were able to detect manipulations in altered documents like mark sheets, COVID certificates, Id cards, driving licenses, and passports. The morphological attributes like changes in background colour, variations in pixel size, and specifically appearance of dots and layers were observed. The results obtained were conclusive and were able to detect the manipulations, as well as the date and time of alterations, were detected with help of Forensic beta software.Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

CRT-700.32 Utility of Routine 45-Day Imaging After Watchman Procedure Before Stopping Anticoagulation

Background: Based on the PROTECT AF and PREVAIL trials, transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is typically performed 45 days after WATCHMAN (Boston Scientific, DE) implantation to rule out device-related thrombus (DRT) or peri-device leak (PDL) before stopping oral anticoagulation (OAC). The utility of imaging before discontinuing OAC is uncertain. During the COVID-19 pandemic, when elective TEEs were cancelled or delayed, many patients were taken off OAC without imaging. Method(s): Patients undergoing WATCHMAN implant followed by short-term OAC from January 2018 to June 2022 at a university hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Patients who did not have imaging performed at 45 days (+/-7 days) after WATCHMAN implantation were compared with those who did. Outcomes included 1) a composite of ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), 2) a composite of DRT or PDL >=5 mm in patients who had 45-day imaging, and 3) a composite of DRT or PDL >=5 mm in patients who were taken off OAC at 45 days without imaging but underwent delayed imaging (within 1 year of WATCHMAN implantation). Result(s): 258 patients were followed for 1 year. 232 patients (89.9%) had TEE or cardiac computed tomography (CT) at 45 days (Figure). 3 had DRT (1.3%), which was treated successfully with 90 days of anticoagulation, and none had PDL >=5 mm. There were 4 ischemic strokes and 2 TIAs during the follow up period (2.6%), none of which were preceded by DRT. 26 patients (10.1%) were taken off OAC at 45 days without imaging. No stroke or TIA occurred in this group. No DRT or PDL >=5 mm was seen in the 15 of these 26 (58%) patients who underwent delayed imaging. Conclusion(s): A primary strategy of 45-day post-WATCHMAN imaging is still indicated, given a ~1% DRT rate, however the risk associated with discontinuing anticoagulation without imaging is low in cases where 45-day imaging is not possible. [Formula presented]Copyright © 2023

Clustering-Based Recommendation System for Preliminary Disease Detection

The catastrophic outbreak COVID-19 has brought threat to the society and also placed severe stress on the healthcare systems worldwide. Different segments of society are contributing to their best effort to curb the spread of COVID-19. As a part of this contribution, in this research, a clustering-based recommender system is proposed for early detection of COVID-19 based on the symptoms of an individual. For this, the suspected patient's symptoms are compared with the patient who has already contracted COVID-19 by computing similarity between symptoms. Based on this, the suspected person is classified into either of the three risk categories: high, medium, and low. This is not a confirmed test but only a mechanism to alert the suspected patient. The accuracy of the algorithm is more than 85%.

Forensic Examination Of Covid Certificates And Passports To Extract Felonious Manipulations With Adobe Photoshop Cs5 Tools

In today's era, digital documents are used in official proceedings and various commercial online platforms. With the advent of Digital locker facilities, a digital document is admissible in various Government and private sectors. Due to this, the misuse of digital documents is increasing and criminal activity has surged during COVID times. Digital documents can be easily manipulated with the help of image-processing software applications. Manipulations include forgeries and duplication in the documents, counterfeiting in currency notes, and alteration and tampering in government documents or personal documents have increased manifolds. In the present study, a preliminary attempt has been made to analysed digitally manipulated documents by using different software which includes JPEG snoop, Adobe Photoshop CS5, and forensically beta software. Apart from that, in this paper new methodology to authenticate manipulations in scanned documents is devised. The authors were able to detect manipulations in altered documents like mark sheets, COVID certificates, Id cards, driving licenses, and passports. The morphological attributes like changes in background colour, variations in pixel size, and specifically appearance of dots and layers were observed. The results obtained were conclusive and were able to detect the manipulations, as well as the date and time of alterations, were detected with help of Forensic beta software. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

E-learning for business resilience: A qualitative study in a mega MNC

As of 2020, COVID-19 has impacted nearly all countries and about half of the world's population. C'OVID-19 will have driven over half of the world's population into a strict confinement lockdown by 2020. For the sake of the overall mental health of humanity, organizations have developed various coping strategies for mindfulness, such as e-learning. Genpact was the subject of a case-based inquiry for the study using secondary data. The study's conclusion reveals that Genpact's strategy for building organizational resilience in the face of a pandemic. The study adds to the literature in a novel way by performing a qualitative survey of Genpact, providing essential insights to HR policymakers, academics, and top management on how to create professional resilience.

Early Predication of Covid-19 by Machine Learning Algorithms

In COVID-19 is the most significant issue for the human community. The virus is easily converted into a new variant, which behaves differently from the previous one. Besides its changing behavior, its transmission and infection rate are very high which causes high death rate. It is a very challenging situation for the healthcare system to early diagnosis of diseases so that predict the transmission growth of virus the number of new, confirmed, recovered, and dead cases can be reduced. To deal with these issues, some prediction tools are required which can help to test and find the cause of existing cases so that it can help the effective and rapid arrangement to overcome the pandemic. To address this issue, we propose a symptom-base Recommendation System which are tested over the dataset by applying the concept of Machine Learning algorithms. In this work, we test our proposed system by suing various machine learning algorithm like LR, SVM, Navie Bays,KNN,Random Forest etc. The experimental results reveal that the proposed system is capable to diagnose the disease accurately approximate 99%. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.

Why CO2 for oilfield applications?

This chapter details the crucial role that fossil fuels have played in the transformation of the human race. The chapter also aims to stress upon the importance of fossil fuels in the social and economic up-gradation of countries worldwide. However, there is no denying of the fact that burning fossil fuels emits a large volume of CO2 into the atmosphere, which is dangerous for human health. A brief introduction of CO2, its potency as a greenhouse gas, and the various sources of anthropogenic CO2 have also been provided in the chapter. Following this, CO2 storage and the future of climate goals have been briefly discussed upon. Finally, the chapter concludes by underlining the role of climate goal in energy transition and suggests a future course of action, based on recommendations made by key intellectuals and policymakers. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

ANALYSING TRADING STRATEGIES AND FORECASTING STOCK PRICES USING LSTM

Algorithmic Stock Trading has been legalized in India since 2008, with SEBI (Securities and Exchange Board of India) regulating the norms governing the same. Earlier, regulations restricted third-party algorithms to be used in circulation with APIs (Application Programming Interface), as these were unregulated by registered brokerages. Owing to the COVID19 pandemic, SEBI relaxed these underlying norms, easing up both algorithm usage for an end-user, as well as the number of trade orders that can be placed per second (which went up from 20 to 120). This article aims to analyze optimal trading strategies for various stocks using both classic mathematical techniques and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN). Stock prices will be forecasted using data analytics implementing indicators like supertrend and VWAP and machine learning models like LSTM. Upon fine-tuning parameters in both approaches, trend directions and triggers will be plotted (in the case of existing indicators and strategies) and predictions with trade triggers (in the case of LSTM). Furthermore, stocks will be categorized by trading techniques - growth, momentum, and value and further the best strategy with the expected profit percentage in each case will be identified. © 2022 Little Lion Scientific.

Investigating the Usability and Quality of Experience of Mobile Video-Conferencing Apps Among Bandwidth-Constrained Users in South Africa

During the COVID-19 pandemic and mandated global lockdowns, people and businesses started the extensive use of video-conferencing applications for staying connected. This surge in demand and the usability of video-conferencing services has been severely overlooked in developing countries like South Africa, where one-third of adults rely on mobile devices to access the internet, and the per-gigabyte data cost is among the highest in Africa. Considering these numbers, we conduct a two-pronged study where 1) we measure data consumption of different Android apps through data measurement experiments and 2) we conduct interviews and usability assessments with bandwidth-constrained users to better understand the usability and Quality of Experience (QoE) of mobile video-conferencing apps. Usability is the degree to which specified users can use a product to achieve specified goals. In contrast, QoE measures the subjective perception of the quality of an application and the level of delight or annoyance with a service. The key benefit of this study will be to inform organisations that seek to be inclusive about these tools’ relative usability by letting them know about the factors influencing users’ QoE. © 2022, EasyChair. All rights reserved.

Evaluating the relevance and influence of the Internet of things and Deep Learning on Organisations during Economic downturns

The study explores about Current advancements in manufacturing techniques and automation have resulted in 'Industry 4.0, a new industrial revolution. Industry 4.0' is a vast subject that encompasses information management, industrial competitiveness, manufacturing processes, and productivity. The phrase Industry 4.0 refers to a set of important allowing 'technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Deep Learning, and artificial intelligence', which are key sources to automated and computerized industrial settings. 'Industry 4.0 technologies' aid in the attainment of sustainability in corporate processes. The present study achievements and future studies potential of Industry 4.0 technologies to accomplish 'manufacturing sustainability' are investigated using a comprehensive literature review method for the research. 'The function and effect of several Industry 4.0 technologies on manufacturing sustainability are thoroughly' addressed. However, loT may have a major impact on the economy and society. Some fear that it may result in the formation of amazingly centers of income and expertise, which will have a negative impact on the whole economy. Today, the coronavirus infection COVID-19 is wreaking havoc on the economies of most nations, causing disruptions in supply chains, the failure of small and medium-sized enterprises, an increase in the number of jobless, and other consequences. Under these circumstances, the digitization of all economic sectors and individuals' fundamental aspects of life becomes extremely vital. The essay examines multinational organizations connected to the idea of Industry 4.0 and illnesses caused by coronavirus infection. Artificial intelligence systems can aid in the mapping, management, prediction, and modelling of complicated systems, decreasing uncertainty and assisting experts in making decisions. The Internet of Things enables data transmission, improves control and automation, and gives potential to reduce the business's operational expenses. © 2022 IEEE.

PowerQoPE: A Personal Quality of Internet Protection and Experience Configurator

Security configuration remains obscure for many Internet users, especially those with limited computing skills. This obscurity exposes such users to various Internet attacks. Recently, there has been an increase in cyberattacks targeted at individuals due to the remote workforce imposed by the COVID 19 pandemic. These attacks have exposed the inefficiencies of the non-human-centric implementation of Internet security mechanisms and protocols. Security research usually positions users as the weakest link in the security ecosystem, making system and protocol developers exclude the users in the development process. This stereotypical approach has negatively affected users’ security uptake. Mostly, security systems are not comprehensible for an average user, negatively affecting performance and Quality of Experience. This causes the users to shun using security mechanisms. Building on human-centric cybersecurity research, we present a tool that aids in configuring Internet Quality of protection and Experience (referred to as PowerQoPE in this paper). We describe its architecture and design methodology and finally present evaluation results. Preliminary evaluation results show that user-centric and data-driven approaches in the design of Internet security systems improves users’ Quality of Experience. The controlled experiment results show that users are not really stupid;they know what they want and that given proper security configuration platforms with proper framing of components and information, they can make optimal security decisions. © 2022, IFIP International Federation for Information Processing.

COVID-19 Cases in India: Prediction and Analysis using Machine Learning

The coronavirus may have been a family of viruses that may be causing an unhealthiest, which may vary from an unwellness and cough to a typically additional severe disease. SARS-CoV-2 is a distinct coronavirus familial infection that was first found in 2019 and has never been seen in humans previously. It is a cumulative virus that began in Wuhan at the end of the year 2019 (December). Because of the rapid pace of spread around the continent, the World Health Organization labeled it a global epidemic. The main purpose of this study is to find out the analysis and forecasting of the third wave of COVID-19 in India. We predicted that the number of instances will rise in the next four months, peaking in October. For time series forecasting, we employed the ARIMA and Prophet model, which is the most often used forecasting technique. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

Impact of Coronavirus Outbreak on Climate and Air Quality

All over the world, there is a new target of public health emergency looming the world along with an appearance and distribution of the novel coronavirus disease (2019-nCoV) also known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This Virus was initially generated in bats and then transferred to a human being over an unknown animal playing the role of a mediator in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This virus is transmitted by breathing or coming in contact with an infected person’s droplets. The Incubation period is between 2 to 14 days for COVID-19, that is the time between exposure of the virus (person becoming infected) and symptom appearance in that person, averaging 5-6 days. However, it can go up to 14 days. Throughout this period, which can be also known as a “pre-symptomatic” period, some of the infected patients or persons can be contagious. That is why;transferal from a pre-symptomatic case can happen before the onset of the symptoms. There are a few number of case studies and reports, pre-symptomatic transferal has been documented via contact with someone who is diagnosed with virus and increased investigation of that particular clusters of total confirmed cases. The main problem is that the symptoms are just like the regular flu that are cough, fever, sore throat, fatigue and breathlessness. This virus is moderate or mild in most of the people, but in elder ones, it may proceed to pneumonia, multi-organ dysfunction and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Coronavirus has significant consequences on the Health system, mainly on cardiovascular diseases and on the environment.

Impact of Covid19 and its Treatment: A Report

Till now, across from a few basic data, nothing is well clear regarding its exact origin, incubation period, seriousness and what makes it transmissible is not recommended for COVID19 anywhere in the world. It was on 28 January, 2020 that the World Health Organisation released a paper relating to medical data and recommendations from the management of previous HCoV epidemics. The present paper outlines steps for the identification and assessment of patients with extreme acute respiratory disease;monitoring and infection prevention strategies;tracking and early intervention therapy;treatment of respiratory arrest and ARDS;clinical diagnosis;recommendations for septic shock management;therapies;and concerns for pregnant women.

IoT-Based Terrace Farming System for Cities

Food for cities is traditionally cultivated on a large scale on farmland then transported to the city where it is consumed. The COVID-19 pandemic has in some places disrupted transportation systems, resulting in severe food shortages in some metropolitan areas. Growing plants on a terrace or other sunny areas could provide urban residents with some portion of their food supply and reduce food transportation distance. In this paper, we propose a simple, low-cost, and durable Internet of Things (IoT)-based system for cultivating short-duration vegetables, flowers, and fruits on urban terraces with minimal user attention. The proposed system is capable of monitoring environmental parameters (temperature and humidity) and controlling soil elements such as soil moisture and soil nutrients. The system can be deployed with pre-existing Wi-Fi infrastructure in the farmer's home with or without an internet connection. The proposed terrace farming system is easy to install, scalable, robust in terms of data security, and developed on open-source platforms with cost-effective hardware components. © 2021 IEEE.

Efficacy of WBC and Platelet Parameters in Predicting Survival in Patients with COVID-19 Infection

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectioncaused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2). Since there is activation of both inflammatory and thrombotic pathways in this disease, indices derived from routinelymeasured blood parameters, whose role is established in severe sepsis,are being evaluated worldwide as potential prognostic markers.Aims &Objectives: In this study we aimed to evaluate the role ofAbsolute Neutrophil count (ANC), Absolute Lymphocyte Count(ALC), Mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width(PDW), Plateletcrit (PCT), Platelet-large cell ratio(P-LCR), Neutrophil Platelet ratio (NPR) and Platelet Lymphocyte ratio (PLR) inpredicting survival amongst patients admitted with COVID-19infection.Materials &Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review ofall moderate to severely ill adult patients admitted with COVID-19pneumonia admitted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences,Bhopal, a tertiary care hospital in Central India from April 2020-November 2020. Information about their demography, clinical features, laboratory investigations and in-hospital survival were collectedfrom charts.Result: The study included 1331 patients, out of these 1181 weresurvivors (389 females;792 males) and 150 were non survivors (35females;115 males). Amongst the various parameters studied ANC,NPR and PCT were found to be significantly lower amongst thesurvivors as compared to the non survivors whereas ALC was significantly higher amongst the survivors.Conclusions: The results of the current study showed that ANC,ALC, NPR and PCT can be used as useful cost-effective prognosticmarkers in patients with COVID-19 infection.

Metabolic engineering in plants: Its application, future prospects with reference to metabolomics

Plants are a natural leading exporter of metabolites, which generates a plethora of varied metabolites through a network of interconnected biosynthetic pathways and found to play a variety of functions in plant growth, development and have proved to be essential for mankind as well. In recent catastrophic COVID pandemic plant metabolites have been reported to serve as potent anti-SARS-CoV-2. In this review article, we provided an overview of an alternative approach that may be used to improve the biogenesis and for raising the production of beneficiary plant metabolites in plant system especially those of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical importance. Metabolic engineering is such an example with a lot of potential for developing plant metabolite and to regulate plant metabolism by over expressing or repressing single or multiple structural genes or transcriptional factors. Present review article also discusses the integrated approach of metabolic engineering with metabolomics for tracking metabolite levels as well as studying the dynamic behaviour of plant cell metabolism and nutritional control. Gradually getting acquainted more with plant metabolism, metabolic pathways and their regulation, we shall witness amplified growth and efficacy in these fields. © 2021 MEDIC SCIENTIFIC. All Rights Reserved.